英语中的就近原则，和就远原则有哪些。

所谓就近/就远原则是指句子的主语结构很复杂时,如何判断句子谓语的数的问题

1

就近原则:

there/here+be/系动词，eitheror，neithernor，not

onlybut(also)，notbut，分数/百分数修饰名词（population类外），表许多的名词（除了quantity）

2

就远原则：as

well

as,

(together/along)

with,

rather

than,

except/besides/but/including

如：

Not

only

you

but

also

I

am

right

2/3

of

the

earth

is

covered

by

water

Many

a

student

in

our

school

has

never

been

abroad

He

rather

than

I

is

right

Nobody

but

two

students

is

in

the

classroom

优质解答

就近原则：1There be 句型 There is a book and some pencils on the desk

=There are some pencils and a book on the desk

2neithernorNeither you nor he is right= Neither he nor you are right

3eitherorEither they or Jim is going to Shanghai next Saturday

= Either Jim or they are going to shanghai next Saturday

4not onlybut alsoNot only Ann but also her parents stay at home every Sunday

= Not only Ann's parents but also she stays at home every Sunday

主谓一致现象

有一类连接词,其后的谓语动词要与连接词前一部分的主语保持一致此类连接词有with,along with,together with,as well as,besides,like,without,except (but),including等例如：

Tracy,like many girls,loves dancing特蕾西像很多女孩一样,喜欢跳舞

All the students,including Tom,are leaving所有的学生,包括汤姆都走了

No one except (but) me knows about this news除了我没有人知道

就远原则

代表词汇：as well as；（together/along）with；rather than；except；besides；but；including；in addition to；apart from

EG：He rather than I is right

Nobody but two students is in the classroom

就远原则

①What he does or what he says does not concern me 他的行为或言谈都与我无关

②Neither you nor I am wrong 你和我都没错

③Not you but your father is to blame 不是你,而是你父亲该受责备

④Not only you hut(also) he is wrong 不仅你错了,他也错了

所谓就近原则是指谓语动词单复数取决于离它最近的词语，而无须考虑其他的词。

1）

以either…or,

or,

neither…nor和not

only…but

also连接的两个主语，其谓语的单复数形式应与离谓语最近的主语保持一致。如：Either

you

or

he

has

to

go

there

with

me

2）

由there或here引起的主语，而又不止是一个时，采取就近原则。如：Here

is

a

pen,

a

few

envelopes

and

some

paper

for

you

1）当there

be

句型的主语是一系列事物时，谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。

There

is

a

pen,

a

knife

and

several

books

on

the

desk

There

are

twenty

boy-students

and

twenty-three

girl-students

in

the

class

2）当either…

or…

与neither…

nor，

连接两个主语时，谓语动词与最邻近的主语保持一致。

如果句子是由here,

there引导，而主语又不止一个时，谓语通常也和最邻近的主语一致。

Either

you

or

she

is

to

go

Here

is

a

pen,

a

few

envelops

and

some

paper

for

you

就近原则有eitheror；neithernor；not onlybut also；notbut就远原则有together with,along with,as well as,rather than等。

就近原则和就远原则的短语

就近原则

当并列两个主语时，谓语采用就近原则：

1there be有（加粗的为常考短语）

2neither…nor既不……也不……

3either…or不是……就是……；要么……要么……

4whether…or是……还是……；不管……还是……

5not only…but also不但……而且……

6not…but不是……而是……

就远原则

当并列两个主语时，谓语采用就远原则：

1aswell as和；也

2（together/along）with和；连同

3rather than而不是；宁可……也不

就近原则也称“邻近原则”“就近一致原则”，即：谓语与靠近的名词、代词（有时不一定是主语）在“人称、数”上一致，与其相对的还有“就远原则”。

就远原则，当用作主语的成分后面跟有由but、except、besides、including、like、with、as well as、as much as、no less than、along with。

in addition to、combined with、rather than、 together with等引出的短语时，谓语动词习惯上要与这些结构前面的主语保持一致（即与比较远的那个主语保持一致）。

扩展资料

就近原则正式文体

1、由下列词语连接的并列主语：there be+句型；or；either…or；nor；neither…nor；whether…or；not…but；not only…but also等。

2、在倒装句中：谓语可与后面第一个主语一致。

非正式文体：有时依“就近一致原则”，但也可依“意义一致原则”或严格地依“语法一致原则”。

参考资料来源：百度百科-就远原则

参考资料来源：百度百科-就近原则

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