一、【重点词汇】1. 重点单词(1)形容词folk民间的;民俗的This is an interesting folktale.
这是一个有趣的民间传说。
dead死的;失去生命的His grandma has been dead for three years. 他的祖母已经去世三年了。
hunted有鬼魂出没的;闹鬼的According to the old people, this is a haunted place for ghosts. 据老人说，这是鬼魂出没的地方。
(2)名词mooncake月饼People are eating moon cakes and enjoying the moon on August 15.人们在八月十五吃月饼、赏月。
lantern灯笼On the night of new year's Eve, red lanterns are hung everywhere in the street.
stranger陌生人Don't open the door to strangers.
relative亲属;亲戚His relatives came to see her yesterday.
goddess女神Chang'e is a goddess in the Moon Palace.
嫦娥是月宫里的女神。
dessert (饭后)甜点;甜食Children like to have sweets after meals.
孩子们饭后喜欢吃甜食。
garden花园;园子There are all kinds of flowers in the garden.花园里有各种各样的花。
tie领带I bought dad a beautiful tie as a birthday present.我给爸爸买了一条漂亮的领带作为生日礼物。
ghost鬼;鬼魂This is a story about ghosts.
这是一个关于鬼魂的故事。
trick花招;把戏Boys like to play tricks.
男孩子们喜欢恶作剧。
treat款待;招待We should treat guests from Beijing well. 我们应该好好招待从北京来的客人。
spider蜘蛛The little boy likes to watch spiders weaving webs.这个小男孩喜欢看蜘蛛织网。
Christmas圣诞节Christmas is a time of reunion.
圣诞节是团聚的日子。
business生意;商业His father's business is very good.
他父亲的生意很好。
present现在;礼物My mother bought me a new skirt as a birthday present.我妈妈给我买了一条新裙子作为生日礼物。
warmth温暖;暖和The warm weather is very comfortable.
温暖的天气很舒服。
novel (长篇)小说The writer wrote another novel.
这位作家又写了一部小说。
eve前夕;前夜On New Year's Eve, the family sat together to have new year's Eve dinner.除夕夜，一家人坐在一起吃年夜饭。
pound磅(重量单位);英镑(英国货币单位)This meat weighs five pounds.
这肉重五磅。
(3)动词steal vi. &vt. (stole stolen)偷;窃取Tom is always stealing from others.
汤姆总是偷别人的东西。
lay vi. &vt. (laid laid)放置;安放;产(卵),下(蛋)The hen lays an egg every day.
这只母鸡每天下一个蛋。
admire ut.欣赏;仰慕I really admire the teacher's talent.
我真佩服那位老师的才华。
lie vi. (lay, lain)平躺;位于The little boy is lying on the ground and enjoying the white clouds in the sky.那个小男孩正躺在地上欣赏天上的白云。
punish vt.处罚;惩罚Students who make mistakes should be punished by their teachers.犯错误的学生应该受到老师的惩罚。
warn vi. &vt.警告;告诫The police uncle warned the children not to run the red light when crossing the road.
警察叔叔警告孩子们过马路时不要闯红灯。
spread vi. &rt.传播;展开;蔓延The news that LiMing got the first place spread among the students.李明得了第一名的消息在学生中传开了。
2. 重点短语(1)The Water Festival泼水节Dai's Water Festival is so interesting.
傣族的泼水节很有趣。
(2)The Dragon Boat Festival端午节The Dragon Boat Festival is on May 5th every year.端午节是每年的五月五日。
(3)The Chinese Spring Festival春节Spring Festival is a time for family reunion.
春节是家人团聚的日子
(4)The Lantern Festival 元宵节The children all like the Lantern Festival.
孩子们都喜欢元宵节。
(5)watch the races看比赛Everyone is watching the game seriously.每个人都在认真地看比赛。
(6)be fun to do很有趣去做The children are fun to play interesting games.孩子们喜欢玩有趣的游戏。
(7)put on five pounds增重五磅She put on five pounds during the holiday.
她在假期里体重增加了五磅。
(8)be similar to .与....相似The little girl is similar to her father.
这个小女孩和她父亲长得很像。
(9) throw water at each other彼此泼水On the water Festival, people splash water on each other.在泼水节，人们互相泼水。
(10)cleaning and washing away bad things清洗掉不好的东西Mom is cleaning and washing the bad things from the food. 妈妈正在清洗食物上的脏东西。
(11)have good luck有好运Have good luck to you！祝你好运!
(12)celebrate Mid- Autumn Festival 庆祝中秋节Every August 15, Chinese people celebrate the Mid Autumn Festival. 每年8月15日，中国人庆祝中秋节。
(13)in the shape of a full moon 以满月的形状(14)refuse to do sth.拒绝做某事We should refuse to do bad things. 我们应该拒绝做坏事。
(15)steal the medicine 偷药The thief stole some medicine from the drugstore yesterday. 小偷昨天从药店偷了一些药。
(16)fly up to the moon飞上月球The little girl is looking forward to flying up to the moon one day. 小女孩盼望着有一天能飞到月亮上去。
(17)call out 唤起;出动;大声叫唤His mother called out her son`s name.
他的母亲呼唤着儿子的名字。
(18)lay out安排,布置，摆出My mother laid out a lot of fruit for the guests last night. 我妈妈昨晚为客人们摆了许多水果。
(19)come back回来Li Ming plans to come back from Xi'an in three days. 李明计划三天后从西安回来。
(20)end up最终成为;最后处于After hard work, he became a scientist end up. 经过艰苦的努力，他终于成为一名科学家。
(21)share.. with ....分享Good friends should share their pain and happiness with each other. 好朋友应该互相分享他们的痛苦和快乐。
二、【重点句型】1. I think that they're fun to watch.我认为他们看起来很有趣。
句中fun构成的短语:
1〉.be fun后接不定式或动名词均可，意思基本相同。例如:
It's great fun sailing a boat.
= It's great fun to sail a boat.
扬帆驾舟十分有趣。
2〉. have(there is) fun(in) doing sth.“做某事很开心”。例如:
We had fun riding our bicycles to the beach today.我们今天骑自行车去海滨玩得很开心.
There's no fun staying at home in the evening.晚上呆在家里很无聊。
3〉.以下各例中的fun虽用作表语，但仍为名词，而非形容词，故可用great,much,alotof等形容词修饰，而不用very等副词修饰。例如:
①She's great fun to be with.
同她在一起很有意思。
② Why don't you come with us?
It'll be great fun.
为什么不同我们一起去呢?很有趣的。
4〉. for fun意思为“为了高兴，为了好玩”与in fun“不是当真的，闹着玩的，开玩笑的"不同。比较:
①Mary is not saying it for fun.
玛丽说这话并不是在开玩笑。
②Mary said so only in fun.
玛丽这样说只是开开玩笑。
2. I wonder if it's similar to the Water Fest-ival of the Dai people in Yunnan Province.我想知道它是否与云南省傣族的泼水节相似。(1)if是连词,在本句中引导的是宾语从句，意为“是否”。if( whether)引导的宾语从句,意思是“是否”。宾语从句要用陈述句语序。一般说来,在宾语从句中whether 与if可以互换使用。例如:
We don't know if our teachers will attend the class meeting.
我们不知道老师是否参加班会。
(2)similar是形容词，意思为“相似的”。常构成短语为:be similar to意思为“与..…..相似”。例如:
My new dress is similar to the one you
have.我的新衣服和你的那件相似。
3. Chinese people have been celebrating Mid-AutumnFestival and enjoying mooncakes for centuries.几个世纪以来,中国人一直在庆祝中秋节并赏月。have been+ V+ ing是现在完成进行时的结构。其表示从过去某时开始一 直持续到现在的动作,并且还将持续下去。例如:
The Chinese have been making paper
for two thousand years.
中国有2000年的造纸历史。(动作还将继续下去)
4. People started the tradition of admiring the moon and sharing mooncakes with their families. 人们开始了与家人赏月吃月饼的传统。(1)admire的用法
①admire是及物动词，通常的结构是
admire sb.羡慕某人，
admire sth.羨慕某事，
admire sb. for sth.因某事羡慕某人。例如:
They admired him very much.他们很钦佩他。
They admired him for her talk show.
他们很钦佩她的脱口秀。
He was very sccessul in his business and
all his friends admired him!
他的事业非常成功，他的朋友都很羡慕!
②admire后有时可接what从句。例如:
We admire(him for) what Zhang Peng has done.我们对张朋所做的事很钦佩。
但是，一般不接that 从句。例如:
We admire( him for) his honesty.
我们佩服他的诚实。
③admire 后还可接动名词(通常有逻辑主语)。例如:They all admired his believing in that manner.他们都赞赏他那样做。
④汉语说“你不得不佩服...”.英语可用以下类似表达:
You can only admire her courage and
determination.你不能不佩服她的勇气和决心。
(2)share的用法
share构成的常用动词短语有:
①share (in) sth. 分享;分担(此短语中的in也可省略)。例如:
We all shared in her happiness when she
won the scholarship.
当她获得奖学金时,我们大家都分享她的快乐。
② share out表示“分给”。例如:
Miss Zhao shared out the food among the ten children.赵小姐把食物分给了十个孩子。
③share with表示“分担”，后面接指人的名词或代词。例如:
I should share my happiness with you.
我应该和你一起分享我的快乐。
三、【核心语法】(一)现在完成进行时现在完成进行时由have/has been+动词-ing构成。(1)表示从过去某时开始一直持续 到现在的动作,并且还将持续下去。The Chinese have been making paper for two thousandyears.中国有2000年的造纸历史。(动作还将继续下去)
How long have you been working in this company?你在这家公司上班多长时间了？（显然还要继续工作下去）
(2)表示在说话时刻之前到现在正在进行的动作。We have been waiting for you for half an hour.我们已经等你半个钟头了。(人还没到，还会继续等)
(3)有些现在完成进行时的句子等同于现在完成时的句子。They have been living in this city for ten years.他们在这个城市已经住了10年了。
I have been living here since 2000.
二零零零年以来我一直住在这里。
(4)大多数现在完成进行时的句子不等同于现在完成时的句子。例如:I have been writing a book.我一直在写一 本书。 (动作还将继续下去)
(二)宾语从句① I wonder whether August is a good time to visit HongKong. 我想知道八月是否是去参观香港的好时间。
②I believe that April is the hottest month
in Thailand.我相信四月是泰国最热的月份。
(1)that引导的宾语从句（在非正式场合that可省略）。 例句:
I don't think it is right for him to treat you like that.
在以下情况中that不能省略：①当句中的动词后接多于两个由that引导的宾语从句时,第一个that可省，但后面的that不可省。如：
He said (that) you were too young to under stand the matter and that he was asked not to tell you.
②当主句的谓语动词与that宾语从句之间有插入语时that一般不可省略。
(2)由whether(if)引导的宾语从句，意为“是否”。
牢记：宾语从句要用陈述语序。一般说来，在宾语从句中whether与if可以互换使用，在特殊情况下 if 与whether 是不可互换的。如
l wonder whether(if) they will come to our party.
记：只能用whether,不能用if引导的宾语从句①在带to 的不定式前。
We decided whether to walk there.
②在介词的后面。
I'm thinking of whether we should go to see the film.
③在动词后面的宾语从句。
We discussed whether we had a sports meeting next week.
④直接与or not连用。
I can't say whether or not that can come on time.
⑤宾 语 从 句 放 在 句 首表示强调时只能用whether 。例如：
Whether he can finish the work on time is still a problem . 他是否能准时完成这项工作还是个问题。
记：if引导条件状语从句时,意为“如果”。例如:The students will go on a picnic if it doesn't rain tomorrow .
另外，if还可引导否定概念的宾语从句。
(三)感叹句What fun the Water Festival is!
泼水节是多么有趣啊!
What a good time they had yesterday.
How happy they were yesterday!
他们昨天玩得多开心啊！
How fantastic the dragon boat teams were!
龙舟节是多么奇异啊!
(一)由what引导的感叹句what 修饰名词或名词短语，有以下两种形式:
1. What+a(an)+形容词+单数可数名词+（主语+谓语）！如：
What a fine day it is!
What a clever boy he is !
2. What是形容词+可数名词复数或不可数名词+（主语+谓语）！
What heavy boxes they are !
What beautiful flowers they are !
What nice music it is!
What bad weather !
(二)由How 引导的感叹句how用来修饰形容词、副词或动词。其结构是:How+形容词(副词)+主语是谓语!例如:
How hard the workers are working!
How tall a boy he is !
How clever the girl is!
How quickly the writer is writing!
【注意】当how修饰动词时，动词不跟着感叹词提到主语之前。
（三）what与how引导的感叹句之间的转换：1.What a beautiful flower it is !
= ______beautiful the flower is !
2.How delicious the food is !
= ______ delicious food it is !
感叹句练习题：单项选择( )1._______a clever boy he is !
A.What B.How C. What’s
( )2._______she dances!
A. How good B. How well C. What we
( )3._______quiet the parkis!
A. Whata B. How C. How a
( )4._____his father works!
A. How careful B. How carefully C. What careful
( )5. ._______hard-working Chinese people!
A.How B. What C. How do
( )6.______delicious soup!
A.How B. What C. What a
( )7.______heavy snow!
A. What a B. What C. How
( )8.____old bike Li Lei is riding!
A. What a B. What an C. How
( )9.______exciting moment it is!
A. How B. How an C. What an
( )10.________fine weather it is today!
A. How B. What a C. What
( )11._____the moon cakes are!
A. How delicious B. What delicious C. What a delicious
( )12.____surprising news it is!
A.How B. What C. What a
( )13.____time we’re having today!
A. What a good B. How good C. What good
( )14.Look! ______beautiful that lakeis!
A. How B. What C. What a
( )15. ________ slowly Tom runs!
A. How B.What C. What a
( )16._____lovely the snow looks!
A.What B. How C. What a
( )17.________useful information it is!
A. What an B. How C. What
( )18._______beautiful flowers they are!
A. How B. What C. What a
( )19._______ beautiful music we are listening to!
A.How B. Whata C. What
( )20. ________ it is today!
A. What fine weather
B. What a fine weather
C. How afine weather
( )21.---What can you see in the garden?
－Flowers. ________ beautiful they are!
A. What B. How C. How a
现在完成时练习题：汉译英。1、 汤姆已做完作业，他现在有空了。
2、 玛丽昨天收到一封信。
3、 我爸爸以前到过长城。
4、 我弟弟还没有看过那部新电影。
5、 她去过美国。
6、 李明这些天上哪儿去了？
答案：
1、Tom has finished doing his homework already. He is free now.
2、Mary received a letter yesterday.
3、My father has been to the Great Wall before.
4、My brother hasn't seen the new film yet.
5、She has been to America.
6、Where has LiMing been these days？
宾语从句练习题：单项选择1. Do you know _______ during the coming summer holiday?
A. what will Tom do B. what did Tom do
C. what Tom will do D. what Tom did
2. I want to know_________.
A. what is his name B. what’s his name
C. that his name is D. what his name is
3. Do you know ________ I could pass the exam?
A. that B. whether C. what D. which
4. Jim doesn’t understand ____________.
A. which is the way to the museum
B. why his wife always goes shopping
C. what is the way to the museum
D. why does she always go shopping
5. --- Could you tell me ______ he is looking for?
A. that B. whose C. who D. which
6. Mr. Black didn’t know _______ yesterday evening.
A. when does his son come home
B. when his son comes home
C. when did his son come home
D. when his son came home
7. Could you tell me _______ the bike this morning?
A. how does he mend B. how he mends
C. how he mended D. how did he mend
8. ---I’m waiting for the mail. Do you know ________ it will arrive?
---Usually it comes by 4: 00.
A. how B. where C. when D. what
9. ---Excuse me, would you please tell me ________?
---Certainly. Go straight along here. It’s next to a hospital.
A. how we can get to the post office
B. how can we get to the post office
C. how get to the post office
D. how could we get to the post office
10. ---Can I help you?
---Yes. I’d like a ticket to Mount Emei.
Can you tell me ______ take to get there?
A. how soon will it B. how soon it will
C. how long it will D. how long will it
11. He wanted to know ___________.
A. whether he speaks at the meeting
B. when the meeting would start
C. what he’s going to do at the meeting
D. where would the meeting be held
12. ---Could you tell me _____ the Bamboo Garden?
---The day after tomorrow, I think.
A. when will you visit B. when you will visit
C. when would you visit D. when you would visit
13. Would you please tell me ____ next, Mr Wang?
A. what should we do
B. we should do what
C. what we should do
D. should we do what
14. You can’t imagine _________ when they received these nice Christmas presents.
A. how they were excited B. how excited they were
C. how excited were they D. they were how excited
15. I want to know ________ you will come back at 8:00 tomorrow.
A. that B. when C. where D. whether
16. ---Could you tell me ____________?
---Sorry, I don’t know. I was not at the meeting.
A. what does he say at the meeting
B. what did he say at the meeting
C. what he says at the meeting
D. what he said at the meeting
答案： 1.C 2.D 3.B 4.B 5.C 6.D 7.C 8.C 9.A 10.C 11.B 12.B 13.C 14.B 15.D 16.D
