关系代词有:
1、关系代词有主格,宾格和属格(所有格)之分,并有指人与指物之分。that的用法最广,that 可指人也可指物。见表:
2、特殊代词:but,as,than作关系代词引导定语从句。
but既可指人,也可指物,常在定语从句中充当主语。but本身含"否定"的意思,其作用相当于"that /which /who...not"。它前面的主句通常有"否定"的词。but引导的肯定定语从句和否定的主句连用,达到强烈肯定的修饰效果。例如: There is no mother but loves her own children.没有不爱自己孩子的母亲。
as既可指人,也可指物,常在限制性定语从句中充当主、宾、表语。as作关系代词,还可用来引导非限制性定语从句,as引导的定语从句可放在句首、句中或句末。
than前通常有表比较的词。例如:Fewer friends than we had expected came to our evening party.来参加晚会的朋友比我们预料的还要少。
扩展资料:
关系代词that在从句中作宾语或表语时可省略, 例如:
1、I've forgotten much of the Latin I once knew.
我已经忘了很多曾经学过的拉丁语。
2、He's changed. He's not the man he was.
他变化很大,已不是过去的他了。
注释:关系代词在从句中作宾语时可省略,that在从句中作表语时也可省略。
非限定性定语从句中,不能用that作关系代词。
参考资料:百度百科-关系代词
关系代词有who、whom、whose、that、which等。关系代词有主格、宾格和属格之分,并有指人与指物之分。
关系代词及例句
关系代词(that,who,whom,whose,which)所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。
例1.Is he the man who/that wants to see you?(who/that在从句中作主语,指人)
例2.He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.(whom/that在从句中作宾语,指人)
例3.They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.(whose在句中作定语,指人)
例4.Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green.(whose在句中作定语,指物。若指物,它还可以同of which互换)
例5.The package (which/that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.你拿的包快散了。(which/that在句中作carry的宾语,指物)
关系代词基本用法
1.引导定语从句
关系代词代表先行词,同时在从句中作一定的句子成分,如:
The girl whom I spoke to is my cousin.
跟我讲话的女孩是我表妹。
(该句中whom既代表先行词the girl,又在从句中作介词to的宾语。)
This is the pencil whose point is broken.
这就是那个折了尖的铅笔。(whose 指物,在限定性定语从句中作定语)
He came back for the book that he had forgotten.
他回来拿他忘记了的那本书。(that指物,在限定性定语从句中作宾语,可以省略)
2.先行词which
如:He said he saw me there, which was a lie.
他说在那儿看到了我,纯属谎言。
3.其他用法
关系代词that在从句中作宾语或表语时可省略,如:
I've forgotten much of the Latin I once knew.
我已经忘了很多曾经学过的拉丁语。
He's changed.He's not the man he was.
他变化很大,已不是过去的他了。
注释:关系代词在从句中作宾语时可省略,that在从句中作表语时也可省略。
非限定性定语从句中,不能用that作关系代词。