关系代词有哪些??

信达雅2023-01-31  21

关系代词有:

1、关系代词有主格,宾格和属格(所有格)之分,并有指人与指物之分。that的用法最广,that 可指人也可指物。见表:

2、特殊代词:but,as,than作关系代词引导定语从句。

but既可指人,也可指物,常在定语从句中充当主语。but本身含"否定"的意思,其作用相当于"that /which /who...not"。它前面的主句通常有"否定"的词。but引导的肯定定语从句和否定的主句连用,达到强烈肯定的修饰效果。例如: There is no mother but loves her own children.没有不爱自己孩子的母亲。

as既可指人,也可指物,常在限制性定语从句中充当主、宾、表语。as作关系代词,还可用来引导非限制性定语从句,as引导的定语从句可放在句首、句中或句末。

than前通常有表比较的词。例如:Fewer friends than we had expected came to our evening party.来参加晚会的朋友比我们预料的还要少。

扩展资料:

关系代词that在从句中作宾语或表语时可省略, 例如:

1、I've forgotten much of the Latin I once knew.

我已经忘了很多曾经学过的拉丁语。

2、He's changed. He's not the man he was.

他变化很大,已不是过去的他了。

注释:关系代词在从句中作宾语时可省略,that在从句中作表语时也可省略。

非限定性定语从句中,不能用that作关系代词。

参考资料:百度百科-关系代词

关系代词有who、whom、whose、that、which等。关系代词有主格、宾格和属格之分,并有指人与指物之分。

关系代词及例句

关系代词(that,who,whom,whose,which)所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。

例1.Is he the man who/that wants to see you?(who/that在从句中作主语,指人)

例2.He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.(whom/that在从句中作宾语,指人)

例3.They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.(whose在句中作定语,指人)

例4.Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green.(whose在句中作定语,指物。若指物,它还可以同of which互换)

例5.The package (which/that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.你拿的包快散了。(which/that在句中作carry的宾语,指物)

关系代词基本用法

1.引导定语从句

关系代词代表先行词,同时在从句中作一定的句子成分,如:

The girl whom I spoke to is my cousin.

跟我讲话的女孩是我表妹。

(该句中whom既代表先行词the girl,又在从句中作介词to的宾语。)

This is the pencil whose point is broken.

这就是那个折了尖的铅笔。(whose 指物,在限定性定语从句中作定语)

He came back for the book that he had forgotten.

他回来拿他忘记了的那本书。(that指物,在限定性定语从句中作宾语,可以省略)

2.先行词which

如:He said he saw me there, which was a lie.

他说在那儿看到了我,纯属谎言。

3.其他用法

关系代词that在从句中作宾语或表语时可省略,如:

I've forgotten much of the Latin I once knew.

我已经忘了很多曾经学过的拉丁语。

He's changed.He's not the man he was.

他变化很大,已不是过去的他了。

注释:关系代词在从句中作宾语时可省略,that在从句中作表语时也可省略。

非限定性定语从句中,不能用that作关系代词。


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