will-won-won,fly-flew-flown,take-took-taken,fall-fell-faiien,dress-dressed-dressed,write-wrote-written,predict-predicted-predicted,come-came-come,think-thought-thought,make-made-made,seem-seemed-seemed,play-plaid-plaid,argue-argued-argued,can-can-can,surprise-surprised-surprised,bake-bake-bake,fail-failed-failed,return-return-return,fit-fot-fot,complain-camplain-complain,push-pushed-pushed,send-sent-sent,compare-compared-compared,buy-bought-bought,land-land-land,get-got-got,imagine-imagined-imagined,follow-follew-follew,kid-kid-kid,climb-climb-climb,jump-jumped-jumped,shout-shout-shout,ride-rode-rodden,run-ran-run,meet-met-met,happen-happend-happend,hear-heard-heard,kill-killed-killed,ring-rang-rung,tell-told-told,close-closed-closed,destroy-destroid-destroid,become-became-become,suppose-supposed-supposed,copy-copied-copid,eat-ate-eaten,return-return-return,organize-organized-organized,explain-explaint-explaint,collect-collect-collect,raise-raised-raised,store-stored-stored,be-was-been,miss-miss-miss,bring-brought-brought,annoy-annoid-annoid,aiiow-aiiow-aiiow,cough-coughed-coughed,break-broke-broken,smoke-smoked-smoked,criticize-criticized-criticized,drop-drop-drop,pick-picked-picked,behave-behad-behad,receive-received-receiwed,give-gave-given,cost-cost-cost,choose-chose-chosen,open-open-open,enter-enter-enter,sing-sang-sung,encourage-encouraged-encouraged,suggest-suggest-suggest,merition-meritioned-meritioned,drive-drove-driven,see-saw-seen,discover-discovered-discovered,fear-fore-forn,wake-woke-woken,cross-crossed-crossed
土地污染英文是:Land pollution
Land:英:[lænd]、美:[lænd]。
n陆地;国家;阳膛线;(Land)州。
v使登岸;降落,着陆;使处于;殴打。
复数: lands、第三人称单数: lands、现在分词: landing、过去式: landed、过去分词: landed
释义:土地 ; 陆地 ; 地 ; 降落 ; 着陆 ; 领土。
短语:
land pollution土地污染,大地污染。
land based sources of pollution陆地来源的污染。
pollution from land based source陆地来源的污染。
new building materials that help to save energy, water and land resources and cause less environmental pollution节能、节水、节地和低污染新型材料。
the land陆地。
be land with为所累。
land in使处于, 使陷入(困境)等。
by land从陆路,乘坐陆上交通工具。
on the land在农田上。
on landphr 朝向岸边的。
双语例句:
1我们有空气污染,水污染和土地污染。
We have air pollution, water pollution and land pollution
2并以此指标作为土地污染的替代指标。
We suggest soil animal indicator as a substitute indicator for land pollution
3土地污染主要是由到处倾倒垃圾引起。
Land pollution is mainly caused by the dumping of rubbish everywhere
4我们可能怎样防止土地污染?
How can we prevent land pollution
5土地质量评价指标体系成为当前的研究热点,而土地污染是影响土地质量的重要因素。
Land quality indicators become a hot issue recently and land pollution is an important factor influencing land quality
6From the prediction of the World Economic Forum in 2018, we can learn ocean plastic pollution is serious
从2018年世界经济论坛的预测中可以得知,海洋塑料污染问题非常严重。
7Climate change will cause air pollution and diseases
气候变化会导致空气污染和疾病。
8Air pollution will remain a problem for a long time
空气污染是长时间内都会存在的一个问题。
以不发音e结尾的动词直接在单词本尾加字母d,变为动词的过去式
动词(英文:verb,简称: v)是词类之一,一般用来表示动作或状态的词语。在英语中,动词按作用和功能主要分为两大类,一类是谓语动词,另一类是非谓语动词。中文语法中表示人或事物的动作或一种动态变化,一般出现在名词主语或主句后面。在英语里,动词还有时态、人称的变化
“动词”,表示人或事物的动作、存在、变化的词,如: 走(walk)、笑(laugh)、有(have)、在(lie)、看(see)、写(write)、飞(fly)、落(land)、保护(protect)、开始(start)、起来(wake)、上去(up)。 [1]
动词通常充当句子的谓语或后接描述性补语充当谓语中心,表示主语的动作、存在、变化,或主语对宾语的动作,态度。如“他来了。”("He arrived")(不及物,表示主语的动态)“我们热爱祖国”("We love our motherland")(主语跟着宾语,表示主语对宾语的态度)
动词可以受副词“不”修饰。只有少数表心理活动的动词和一些能愿动词能够前加程度副词,例如能说“很怕他”、“很喜欢他”、“很羡慕他”。
中文动词通过“V不V”形式构成选择疑问句。相当于英文的“V or not”
有些具有具体的持续时间的动词可以重叠,表示“试着做一下该动作”或“暂时做一下该动作”例如:
看——看看、想——想想
试——试试、讲——讲讲
学习——学习学习、批评——批评批评
讨论——讨论讨论、休息——休息休息
单音节重叠动词可以额外加动词“看”(如“试试看”)表示“尝试一下该动作(并观察会发生什么)”。
这种词法结构一般在英语里翻译成“虚义动词(take/have/make)+表示动态的名词(a shot/a bite/a break)”
cost(花费) cost cost
cut(割) cut cut
hit(打) hit hit
hurt 伤害) hurt hurt
let(让) let let
put(放) put put
read (读) read read
(2) AAB型(动词原形与过去式同形)
beat(跳动) beat beaten
(3) ABA型(动词原形与过去分词同形)
become(变成) became become
come(来) came come
run(跑) ran run
(4) ABB型(过去式与过去分词同形)
dig(挖) dug dug get(得到) got got
hang(吊死) hanged hanged
hang(悬挂) hung hung
hold(抓住) held held shine(照耀) shone shone
sit(坐) sat sat win (赢) won won
meet(遇见) met met keep (保持) kept kept
sleep(睡) slept slept sweep(扫) swept swept
feel(感觉) felt felt smell(闻) smelt smelt
leave(离开) left left build(建设) built built
lend(借出) lent lent send (传送) sent sent
spend(花费) spent spent lose (丢失) lost lost
答案补充
(5) ABC型(动词原形、过去式与过去分词三者不同形)
begin(开始) began begun
drink(喝) drank drunk
ring(铃响) rang rung sing (唱) sang sung
swim(游泳) swam swum
blow(吹) blew blown
draw(画) drew drawn
fly(飞) flew flown
grow(生长) grew grown
know(知道) knew known
throw(投掷) threw thrown
show(出示) showed shown
break(打破) broke broken
choose(选择) chose chosen
forget(忘记) forgot forgotten (forgot)
speak(说,讲) spoke spoken
wake(醒) woke woke
drive(驾驶) drove driven
eat(吃) ate eaten fall(落下) fell fallen
答案补充
give(给) gave given
rise(升高) rose risen
take(取) took taken mistake(弄错) mistook mistaken
ride(骑) rode ridden write(写) wrote written
do(做) did done
go(去) went gone
lie(平躺) lay lain see(看见) saw seen
wear(穿) wore worn
be ( am, is, are )(是) was, were been
cost----cost----cost cut----cut----cut put----put----put
let----let----let set----set----set hit----hit----hit
shut----shut----shut hurt---hurt----hurt read---read----read 读音 /e/
lie---lied---lied 说谎 lay---laid---laid 放置,下蛋
lay--- lain 躺下,位于,平放
eg The hens don’t _______eggs during such cold weather
She _____ her books on the table ____
B 过去式与过去分词完全相同
1 过去式和过去分词中含有ought, aught, 读音是〔 :t〕
bright----brought----brought think----thought----thought buy----bought----bought
catch----caught----caught teach ---- taught ----taught
2 动词原形中的e为o,变成过去式和过去分词。
get----got----got sell----sold----sold tell----told----told
3 动词原形中i为a, … sit----sat----sat spit----spat----spat
4 动词原形中i为o, … win----won----won shine----shone/ shined----shone / shined
5 动词原形中an为oo, … stand----stood---stood understand----understood----understood
6 动词原形中的ay为ai,… say----said----said pay----paid----paid
7 a)动词原形中的d为t,… send----sent----sent lend----lent----lent
spend----spent----spent build----built----built
b ) 动词原形最后一个字母改为t , … smell----smelt----smelt lose----lost----lost
c ) 动词原形后加一个字母t, … learn----learnt----learnt mean----meant----meant 读音/e/
d ) 动词原形中的ee去掉一个字母e, 然后在词尾加t 字母e发音/e/
feel----felt----felt sleep----slept----slept sweep---swept----swept
keep---- kept----- kept
其它meet----met----met have----had----had hold----held----held
make----made----made dig----dug----dug hear----heard----heard
find----found----found hang----hung ----hung
C原型与过去分词相同
come----came----come run----ran----run become----became----become
D 原形,过去式, 和 过去分词完全不同
1 把动词原形中i改为a变成过去式,改成u变成过去分词.
begin ---- began -----begun drink---drank----drunk ring----rang-----rung
swim----swam----swum sing----sang----sung
2 把动词原形中o改为e变成过去式,在原形词尾加n变成过去分词.
blow----blew----blown grow----grew----grown know---knew---known
throw ---- threw ---- thrown fly ----flew /flu:/ ----flown ( 和以上相似)
3 以下动词的过去分词都以en结尾,故把它们分为一类.
a ) 把动词原形中i改为o变成过去式,在词尾加n变成过去分词.
drive----drove----driven rise---rose---risen write---wrote---written (双写t )
ride----rode----ridden (双写d )
b ) 把动词原形中ea改为o, 在词尾加e变成过去式,在过去式后加n变成过去分词.
speak----spoke----spoken steal----stole----stolen break----broke----broken
c ) 把动词原形中的个别字母或字母组合改为o变成过去式, 在过去式后加n变成过去分词.
wake----woke----woken freeze----froze----frozen
choose----chose----chosen forget----forgot----forgotten (双写t,加en )
d) 其它过去分词以en结尾的动词
eat----ate----eaten beat---- beat ---- beaten fall----fell----fallen
give----gave----given see----saw----seen take----took----taken
mistake---- mistook----- mistaken hide----hid----hidden (双写d )
E 没有过去分词的动词
can ----- could - may---- might - shall---- should- will ---- would -
其它
am, is ---- was----- been are-----were----- been do-----did----- done
draw-----drew----- drawn/ :/ go-----went----- gone show----showed----shown
wear--- wore ---- worn
不规则动词的过去式 (初二)
不规则动词的过去式是同学们学习的重点,也是一个难点。同学们应通过不规则动词的动词原形和它们的过去式找出其变化规律,总结如下:
1 把动词原形中的o改为a,变成过去式。过去分词不变.如:
become—became, come—came
2.把动词原形中的i改为a,变成过去式。如:
begin—began,drink—drank,give—gave,ring—rang,sing—sang,sit—sat,swim—swam ,sink—sank,
3.把重读开音节中的i改为o,变成过去式。如:
drive—drove,ride—rode,shine—shone,win—won,write—wrote
4.动词原形中的e改为o,变成过去式。如:
get—got,forget—forgot
5.动词原形中的eep改为ept,变成过去式。如:
keep—kept,sleep—slept,sweep—swept
6 动词原形中的an改为oo,变成过去式。如:
stand—stood,understand—understood
7.改动词原形中的aw /ow为ew,变成过去式。如:
draw—drew,grow—grew,know—knew,throw—threw(动词show除外,show—showed)
8.动词原形中的eak改为oke,变成过去式。如:
break—broke,speak—spoke
9.动词原形中的ell改为old,变成过去式。如:
sell—sold,tell—told
10.以ought和aught结尾,且读音是〔 :t〕的过去式。如:
bring—brought,buy—bought,think—thought,catch—caught,teach—taught
11.以ould结尾且读音为〔ud〕的情态动词过去式。如:
can—could,shall—should,will—would
12.在动词原形后加d或t变成过去式,并且发生音变。如:
hear〔hi 〕—heard〔h :d〕, say〔sei〕—said〔sed〕,
mean〔mi:n〕—meant〔ment〕, dream—dreamt 〔dremt〕
13.动词的过去式与动词原形一样。如:
cut—cut, hit—hit, hurt—hurt, let—let,must—must,
put—put,read—read〔red〕,set—set
14 动词的过去式有两种形式。如:
dream—dreamed/ dreamt learn—learnt/ learned shine—shone/ shined
smell—smelt/ smelled wake—woke/ waked
15.不符合上述规律的动词过去式。如:
am,is—was,are—were,build—built,do—did,eat—ate,fall—fell,
feel—felt,find—found,fly—flew,go—went,have /has— had,hide—hid,
hold—held,lay—laid,leave—left,lie—lay,lose—lost,make—made,may—
might,run—ran,see—saw, smell—smelt,take—took,wake—woke,
wear—wore
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