to的用法

介词to：

(表示时间)到, 直到, 在…到来之前, 离…

The Parliament was prorogued to the tenth of February

议会休会到二月十日。

(表示方向)朝, 往, 通向

He turned to his companion before he replied

他转身朝向他的伙伴然后回答。

(表示状态)紧贴着, 紧靠着, 对着

The two lovers danced cheek to cheek

那对情侣脸贴着脸跳舞。

(表示对象)对, 对于, 对…来说

What will Doris say to it

对此事多丽丝将怎么说呢

(表示比较)比, 相对于

The men are noodles to her

与她相比, 这些男人都是笨蛋。

(表示方位)在…方向[方位], 处于…顺序

Scotland is to the north of England

苏格兰在英格兰之北。

(表示距离)离, 距离

It is ten kilometres to the station

到车站十公里。

(表示目标)到达, 直到

We came to a picturesque cottage

我们来到一座风景如画的村落。

(表示结果)转换为, 转变为, 趋于

Wait until the lights change to green

等交通灯变成绿色再走。

had to原型have to (不得不)be able to do sth(能够干某事) 这句话翻译是：其中一人能跳，他后来写道，从软件文档以人名单电话簿一个组织图表什么的。to的用法： 形容词补足语及only to的用法

网友虫子 ：He reached the station _____ only _____ that the train had just left

(A） exhausted……learned (B) exhausting……learning (C) to exhaust……to learn (D) exhausted……to learn

“当他竭尽全力赶到车站的时候只得知火车已经开走了。”答案好像是选“D”。可是我不太理解为什么“exhaust”和“learn”会用这种时态？

Dreye ：exhausted是形容词，精疲力尽的意思，在这儿是作为一个补足语使用，之所以用形容词，是因为其描述的是动作所属的主语“he”，而不是修饰动词“reach”本身。特别在描写类的文章中，经常出现这种动词后跟形容词的用法，如：His son died young他儿子夭折了。The boy stood silent at the corner table这个男孩静默地坐在角落里的桌旁。既然是修饰主语，那么选项exhausting（使人精疲力尽的）就不能用了。

关于only to加动词的表达，这是一个固定结构，一般位于一个句子中的第二部分，表示一系列中“较晚”发生的事情。这种不定式经常用来描写出乎意料的或者是不受欢迎的事件。有的时候可以没有only。如：He returned after the war, (only) to find that his wife had left him他战后归来，只发现妻子已离他而去。never也可用于同样的结构，如：She left home, never to return她离开了家，再没回来。此外，only to + v的结构也可以以“and only + v”的格式来替代，如：He reached the station exhausted and only learned that the train had just left

to的用法:

一：表示相对，针对

be strange (common, new, familiar, peculiar, distinct, sensitive, immune, vulnerable, indispensable) to

Air is indispensable to life

Aircrafts are vulnerable to interference caused by radiation

This injection will make you immune to infection

二：表示对比，比较

1：以-ior结尾的形容词，后接介词to表示比较，如：superior ,inferior,prior,senior,junior

The quarrel happened prior to my arrival

2: 一些本身就含有比较或比拟意思的形容词，如equal，similar，equivalent，analogous

A is similar to B in many ways

3：表示一些先后顺序的形容词，如：second,subsequent,next,preliminary,preparatory

Subsequent to the war,they returned to their hometown

4: to也偶尔出现在个别动词之后,与动词形成固定词组,表示比较,如:prefer to,compare to,in contrast to

compare to sth表示比喻或比拟,而compare with sth表示比较,如:

World is usually compared to a stage

Compared with his past,he has changed a lot

Prefer的正确句型是:prefer A to B或prefer doing A to doing B,但当prefer后接动词不定式时,表示比较的介

词to就要改成rather than ,如:

The undaunted soldier preferred death to surrender

Many people prefer spending money to earning money

They prefer to pursue careers rather than remain home as house wives

5: to与及个别的名词构成比较之意,如:alternative

Going to an under water concert is a great alternative to going to dinner

三: 表示修饰关系

1: 表示回复,反应意思的词,如:answer to question,

solution to problem,response to inquiry,reaction to proposal,reply to letter

2: 表示建筑构件的词汇,如: entry,entrance,approach,access,passage,exit,vent,path

the approach to a bridge引桥

the approach to science

Half of the population was estimated to have no access to the health service

The access to education 接受教育的机会

The access to medical care 享受公费医疗的权利

3: 表示人物职位和官衔的词,如:assistant to manager, ambassador to Spain, successor to tradition, heir to

throne,deputy to the National People’s Congress

advisor to the Prime Minister

4: 表示权利和许可的词汇,如:right,admission

The employee finally got the admission to the boardroom

Everyone has an equal right to ……

5: 表示栅栏或障碍的词汇,如:bars to development,the barrier to progress

6: 表示与书籍,文本相关的词,如:introduction to passage

7: 表示恭喜或是祝贺,如:

The director proposed a toast to the health of the guests

Let’s drink to Dick’s success in business

8: 另外还有一些名词符合这种用法,有的具有两者息息相关,缺一不可的含义如:key to door,invitation to

party,

guide to action,limitation to life,accessory to school

四: to还具有依据,伴随,和着节奏的含义,如:sing to piano, chance to the tune, stamp to the rhythm of the song, add salt to taste

（一）：表示相关联，相连接，如：be related to,be relative to,in relation to,be relevant to,link to

Investigate all the facts related to the problem

People often linked walth to happiness

（二）：表示反对和赞同。

1：to引导的表示反对，抗拒，对抗意义的词组。Be opposed to,be oppsist to,be contrary to,be adverse to,be

resistant to,be contradictory to,object to,oppose to,deny tp,be aline to

These buildings are resistant to earthquake

They are to tally opposed to any changes being made in the plans

2: to引导的表示同意，赞同意义的词组：consent to,subseribe to,

The employer consented to give him a salary raise

表示调整，使符合，使适应的含义，如：adapt to,commodate to, adjust to,conform to,habituate to,fit to,suit

to,correspond to,cater to

She tried to habituate herself to the style of plain living

Your action should conform to the interests of the people

They offered various foods to cater to the need of customers

His words doesn’t fit to his actions

Suit your writing style to the masses

3: 表示投降,屈服,服从的含义,如:be subject to,be subordinate to,submit to,subject to,surrender to,give in

to,confess to,admit to

The minority is subordinate to the majority少数服从多数

Countries nearby oceans are always subject to earthquake

He confessed to having robbed the woman of her wallet

We’re not the kind of people to yield to any military threat

五: 表示趋势或倾向,如:tend to,be prone to,be inclined to,be apt to,be liable to

He’s liable to seasickness

You are liable to come to wrong conclusion

六: 表示对事情的坚持与执着,如:sick to,hold o,adhere to,cling to

He still holds on to his original views

七: 表示约束,局限,如:limit to,confine to,resrict to

He’s confined to the house by illness

He confined his remarks to scientific mangement

八: 表示一种习惯或是一种适应性,如:get (be) to,used to,be accustomed to

Finally,the students got used to my teaching method

九: 表示起因和原由,如:owing to,due to,thanks to,attribute to,come down to

The flight was cancelled due to the thick fog

The famous artist attributed his success to his wife

十: 表示目的或结果,如:aim to,lead to,give rise to

I aim to be an excellent college teacher

His conceit lead to his failure

These bad condition has given rise to a lot of crises

十一: 表示命运,注定,如:be doomed to,be destined to,

All military adventures by the two super powers are doomed to fail

十二: 表示数量上的积累或增加,如:in addition to,add to,amount to

In addition to relief supplies,he also presented with some money

The annual output of steel amounts to 1200 tons

十三: 表示全身心投入的含义,如:be addicted to,contribute to,devote to,commit to

He is determined to devote all his life to his

十四: 表示展望或是回顾,如:look forward to反date back to

The church dates back to the 13th century

十五: 表示方位概念如:close to,next to

I don’t like wool next to my skin

十六: 表示依靠或借助,如:resort to,turn to,appeal to,

He usually appeals to arms to settle the territory dispute

十七: 表示有关注,关于: as to,with regard to

十八: 表示关注或重视,如:pay attention to,attach to,

We should attach primary importance to job training

十九: 表示依据或是根据,如:according to,in proportion to

According to today’s newspaper,the match will be postponed

The lending countries subscribe towards capital stock in proportion to heir economic importance

二十: 表示应该或必须含义的句式, 如:

It’s time to get up

We are supposed to get here at seven

It’s up to this country to ban nuclear weapons

常用词组

respond to（反应）, appeal to（吸引）, catch on to（理解）, listen to （收听）,used to（过去常常）, give birth to,attend to（照料）, see to（负责）, be entitled to（有权）, belong to（属于）, come to（苏醒）, stand up to（勇敢面对）, help oneself to（请自便）, refer to,to the point（切题）,

Train them to stand up to any severe test in hard

The ticket entitled you to a free meal in the luxury hotel

See to it that the children get a hot meal after their swim

You will catch on to the job shortly after wards

People usually refer to television for up-to-the-minute news

介词的用法:

上午、晚要用in，at黎明、午夜、点与分。

年、月、年月、季节、周，阳光、灯、影、衣、冒in。

将来时态in以后，小处at大处in。

有形with无形by，语言、单位、材料in。

特征、方面与方式，心情成语惯用in。

介词at和to表方向，攻击、位置、恶、善分。

日子、日期、年月日，星期加上早、午、晚，

收音、农场、值日on，关于、基础、靠、著论。

着、罢、出售、偷、公、假，故意、支付、相反，准。

特定时日和"一……就"，on后常接动名词。

年、月、日加早、午、晚，of之前on代in。

步行、驴、马、玩笑on，cab，carriage则用in。

at山脚、门口、在当前，速、温、日落、价、核心。

工具、和、同随with，具有、独立、就、原因。

就……来说宾译主，对、有、方状、表细分。

海、陆、空、车、偶、被by，单数、人类know to man。

this、that、tomorrow，yesterday，next、last、one。

接年、月、季、星期、周，介词省略已习惯。

over、under正上下，above、below则不然，

若与数量词连用，混合使用亦无关。'

beyond超出、无、不能，against靠着，对与反。

besides，except分内外，among之内along沿。

同类比较except，加for异类记心间。

原状because of,、 owing to、 due to表语形容词

under后接修、建中，of、from物、化分。

before、after表一点, ago、later表一段。

before能接完成时，ago过去极有限。

since以来during间，since时态多变换。

与之相比beside，除了last but one。

复不定for、找、价、原，对、给、段、去、为、作、赞。

快到、对、向towards，工、学、军、城、北、上、南。

but for否定用虚拟，复合介词待后言。

ing型由于鉴，除了除外与包合。

之后、关于、在方面，有关介词须记全。

in内to外表位置，山、水、国界to在前。

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