是“动词不定式”不是“英语不定式”
要注意和现在分词作结果状语的区别
作结果状语表示意外的结果,前面经常加only
例如She
ran
fast
to
the
bus
stop
,
only
to
find
that
the
bus
had
gone
away(没想到)
现在分词作结果状语表示自然而然的或意料之中的
比如The
cup
fell
from
the
desk
,
breaking
into
pieces(正常的结果)
结果状语从句就是在复合句中表示主句动作所导致结果的状语从句。用于引导结果状语从句连词也不多,主要的有so that, so…that, such…that等。
1 用so that引导:so that引导结果状语从句时的意思是“结果”“所以”。如:
Write out this word ten times so that you learn how to spell it 把这个字抄写十遍就能记住怎么拼写了。
I went to the lecture early so that I got a good seat 我去听演讲去得很早,所以找了个好座位。
2 用so…that引导:so…that的意思是“如此……以至于……”,其中的 so 后接形容词或副词。如:
He was so angry that he couldn’t speak 他气得话都说不出来。
He runs so fast that none of us can catch up with him 他跑得很快,我们没一个能追上他。
3 用such…that引导:such…that…的意思是“如此……以至于……”,其中的 such 后接名词(名词前通常有形容词修饰)。如:
It gave him such a shock that his face turned white 这使他那样震惊,他脸都白了。
He is such a clever boy that we all like him 这个孩子这样聪明,我们都喜欢他。
1、时间状语
常用引导词:when,as,while,before,after,since,notuntil,until/till 等
特殊引导词:the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the day,the instant( 瞬间,顷刻), immediately , directly, no sooner … than, hardly …when , scarcely … when(刚就/一就),as soon as(一…就…)。
I didn’t realize how special my mother was until I became an adult
直到我成为了一个成年人我才意识到我的母亲是多么的特殊。
2、地点状语
常用引导词:where
特殊引导词:wherever, anywhere, everywhere
Generally, air will be heavily polluted where there are factories
一般来说,有工厂的地方空气污染就严重。
3、原因状语
常用引导词:because, since, as,
特殊引导词:seeing that, now that, in that, considering that, given that
My friends dislike me because I’m handsome and successful
我的朋友都不喜欢我,因为我又英俊又成功。
4、条件状语
常用引导词:if, unless,whether(whetheror not)
特殊引导词:as/so long as, only if, providing/provided that, supposing that, in case(美语中表条件,英语中表目的), on condition that
We’ll start our project if the president agrees
如果总统同意,我们将开始我们的项目。
5、目的状语
常用引导词:so that, in order that
特殊引导词:lest, in case, for fear that,in the hope that, for the purpose of , to the end that
The boss asked the secretary to hurry up with the letters so that he could sign them
老板要求秘书快写函件以便他能在上面签字。
6、让步状语
常用引导词:though, although, even if, even though
特殊引导词: as(用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装),while (一般用在句首),no matter …, in spite of the fact that, whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however, whichever
Much as I respect him, I can’t agree to his proposal
尽管我很尊敬他, 但是我却不同意他的建议。
7、比较状语
常用引导词:as(同级比较), than(不同程度的比较)
特殊引导词:the more … the more …(越来越) ; just as …, so…; A is to B what/as X is to Y; no … more than; not so much A as B,the 比较级 ,the 比较级
She is as bad-tempered as her mother
她和她妈妈一样脾气很坏。
8、方式状语
常用引导词:as, as if
特殊引导词:the way
When in Rome, do as the Romans do
入国问禁,入乡随俗。
9、结果状语
常用引导词:so … that, such … that, so that
特殊引导词:such that, to the degree that, to the extent that, to such a degree that,
He got up so early that he caught the first bus
他很早起床以便赶上第一班公共汽车
首先要明确的是,这个句子的主句是his father died其他的部分都属于从属成分。leaving the family even worse off是现在分词引导的结果状语,表示的是他父亲去世的结果是让家里更穷困潦倒了。它不构成一个句子,所以不属于结果状语从句。而构成结果状语从句的是so后面的部分,它主谓宾齐全,所以是个结果状语从句。
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